You can check out further reading on this here. Fertile soil provides many benefits for you. Your email address will not be published. From this mixture, take about ½ pint of soil for the sample (Fig. An example would be 10-20-10 or 12-24-12. For example, a 50-pound bag of 10-20-10 may not cost any more than a 50-pound bag of 5-10-5 fertilizer, but the 10-20-10 bag contains twice the nutrients. Figure 4. I've got 7 DIY Ways to Compost at Home for you. Plan ahead to build the right organic compost or purchase well in advance of planting season so your soil will be ready for all of your seeds and seedlings to thrive. Healthy soil, high in organic matter or aged manure, reduces the amount of fertilizer you need and allows you to customize the fertilizer to meet your garden's needs. Fertilizers are applied four ways: Broadcast before planting. For the first fertilizer application of the season, apply granular fertilizers by broadcasting them either by hand or with a spreader onto the soil surface of the target plants. If you are using organic fertilizer such as barnyard manure, spread it evenly over the garden and work it into the soil. Using composted manure, you cover it with water (in a covered container if at all possible) and let is “soak” for a specified amount of time. Examples of organic fertilizers include manure (poultry, cow or horse), bone meal, cottonseed, or other naturally occurring materials. Sprinkle fertilizer along the sides of rows and water it into the soil. Plants need potassium for many of the chemical processes that allow them to live and grow. And they're probably struggling with disease and insect problems that could be avoided. Do not use lawn fertilizers on gardens. First off, I should state that we only use natural methods to improve our soil. The best advice is to put manure on the garden 120 days before harvest for safety concerns. Ernie. When you buy fertilizer, consider the cost per pound of the nutrient(s). This is where having your soil tests come in handy to know which deficiencies your soil has, but honestly, I don't use a soil test every year before fertilizing. This is an organic fish fertilizer concentrate if you don't have the means to make your own liquid tea. You want to use older or composted manure as the heat from composting down will help kill any seeds that may be in the manure from their feed (aka less weeds!). I feel that we could be “best friends”!!!! In addition, knowing about the various types of fertilizers for soil enhancement can help you learn how to improve soil health for growing healthy, happy plants. A soil test clearly indicates the levels of nutrients in the soil and recommends the amounts of each nutrient to add. Types of Fertilizer. It needs to be taken care of and, with just a little bit of forethought and work, it will reward you with lush tomatoes, nutritious greens and bushels of other harvests. The sun provides light. These figures are always listed in the same order. Moisture comes from rainfall or irrigation. The first number indicates the percentage of nitrogen (N) 2. The soil type of the land set aside for garden is also a factor that must be consider before the establishment of the garden in order to know the type of crop or vegetables that will easily grow on the land and yield in its season by checking the similarities between the clay, silt and sand in order to know if it is necessary to add fertilizer to the soil. Use 2 pounds of fertilizer if the garden is sandy and 3 pounds if the soil is mostly clay. If you have not had a soil test conducted on your garden soil but still want to fertilize, apply small amounts of a nitrogen fertilizer several times during the growing season. So several ways to make the soil in your home fertile. Layer those ingredients to build your garden soil lasagna-style, or layer soil and amendments into a raised bed. Fertilizing Basics. This equals a total of 40 pounds of nutrients. The beauty of compost is you can make it yourself. Compost is the breakdown and decay of organic matter such as wood, leaves, plants, and vegetables. Melissa K. Norris and Pioneering Today LLC is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com. To see if your soil needs to be fertilized, you can check the pH of your soil with a soil pH testing kit, available at your local gardening store. Mulching will increase yields, conserve moisture, prevent weed growth and regulate soil temperature before decomposing to help with fertilizing the vegetable garden. You need to let chicken manure sit and age for preferably a year, with some other brown matter like leaves, sawdust, or top soil, before adding it to your soil. All parts of a plant need nitrogen for growth—the roots, leaves, stems, flowers and fruits. Fertilize fall gardens in the same way as spring gardens. At this stage, the gardener must replenish the garden soil with nutrients using a complete fertilizer. If you have a rototiller, this is the time to break it out and let it work its magic. A note of caution, if you use manure you need to be sure the compost pile got hot enough to kill pathogens if you're using this on your vegetables. This can kill plants. And it’s one way of making a bed more hospitable to root crops such as carrots. The soil in your vegetable garden will probably be laying fallow over the winter months (unless you're lucky enough to garden year-round). With good drainage, abundant organic material, and minimal use of commercial fertilizers, the growth requirements of nearly all vegetables can be fully met; these vegetabl… If you don't, you run the risk of burning your plants. This is the best fertilizer for berries and fruit plants, using composted manure from cattle, llama, and/or horses has always worked well for us and friends. Commercial fertilizers are labeled with three numbers that indicate the fertilizer’s nutrient ratio — for example, 12-12-12, 5-10-5, and 4-12-0: 1. If a garden is 30 feet long and the rows are 3 feet apart, each row is almost 100 square feet. Copyright 2020 - Melissa K. Norris Pioneering Today LLC. Plants grow using energy from the sun combined with nutrients taken from the soil. Mix 2 tablespoons of garden fertilizer in 1 gallon of water and stir well. With this method you must be careful to prevent the roots from coming in contact with the fertilizer band, which can kill plants. After removing all crops, while the ground is still soft enough to … For our blueberries and raspberries, I apply fertilizer when I prune (in late winter/early spring) and then place the layer of mulch on top. An MSU soil test will reveal this information and tell you how much organic matter is present. Organic mulches can be made of straw, leaves, grass, bark, compost, sawdust or peat moss. But there are a few plants that won't thrive or grow well at all if they're in the wrong type of soil. Learning to test the ph of your soil takes out the guessing of what your soil needs. Phosphorus is needed for cell division and to help form roots, flowers and fruit. Figure 5. Most plants will still grow in slightly acidic to neutral soil without major issues. Fertilizer is used for specific nutrient deficiencies in your soil. Two cups of most fertilizers will weigh about 1 pound. So good microorganisms make the soil fertile and full of nutrients. Lab soil testing will not only test for ph level, but also for different nutrient levels and composition. A complete fertilizer will include all three components. Compost helps feed the soil and acts as a holding sponge for your fertilizer. Healthy soil means healthy plants. There are many ways to do compost, from having a pile you turn every so often, using a tumbling system, to vermicomposting with worms. Use natural fertilizers to improve your garden soil for a larger harvest and healthier crops. A potassium shortage shows up in various ways, but stunted growth and yellowish lower leaves are common symptoms in many plants. Get in the habit of adding fresh ground egg shells to your soil once a week. Third number represents the percentage of potash (the form of potassium used, K2O. Add egg shells to the garden. Test vegetable garden soils every three years to monitor your soil management progress. Turn your regular yard and food scraps into black gold. The amount and timing of fertilizer needed varies according to the type of vegetable planted. This bag contain 13 percent nitrogen, 13 percent phosphorus, and 13 percent potassium (or potash). Organic mulches incorporated into the soil will improve fertility and drainage. If your vegetables deplete the soil, they will produce a poor crop without the help of fertilizer. but once it’s done, you won’t have to repeat it. When ready to put into your garden and soil, compost should be a black, crumbly, and fluffy (not wet and stinky), dirt-like substance. A plot 10 x 10 feet (or 5 x 20 feet) would be 100 square feet (Fig. Seeds, seedlings, and the harvest tend to get all the glory in the gardening world, but there's one thing we shouldn't overlook, the soil. Growing your own food and gardening are addicting. Most gardeners should use a complete fertilizer with twice as much phosphorus as nitrogen or potassium. Solid soil makes the soil pores not open and the life of microorganisms in the soil to be reduced. Cover crops are another tool we use for our annual vegetable garden soil. Phosphorus deficiency causes stunted growth and poor flowering and fruiting. Then, work it into the top few inches of soil with your fingers. The snow is almost all melted, so I will test our soil. Dig up the soil using a shovel or garden fork, going about 12 to 14 inches deep. Then you drain out the solids and feed this homemade liquid fertilizer tea to your plants. Dry fertilizer can be scratched into the soil with your fingers or an implement such as a trowel or fork. Soil can be tested in midwinter to prepare for spring planting. To boost the amount of organic matter in your soil— beyond what you can get from finished compost— consider incorporating raw organic matter directly into the soil. When ready to put into your garden and soil, compost should be a black, crumbly, and fluffy (not wet and stinky), dirt-like substance. A complete fertilizer is one that includes all three elements. Your dirt is what enables all of the glorious gardening process to happen, it is the food for your plants, and eventually, the food for your family. I’m still here but am limited on time (and ENERGY!) Do not use too much fertilizer. “If you are gardening in an area you haven’t gardened before, a soil test might be a good indicator of what your soil really needs,” she said. I do not use synthetic fertilizers. Hi Melissa!! What natural ways do you use to improve your garden soil? Below are 6 natural fertilizers plus easy tips to make your soil more fertile. You'll have secret stashes of seed catalogs tucked under your bed and you'll even take out your seed packets under the guise of organizing them, but we know it's because you need a gardening fix. The amount and timing of fertilizer needed varies according to the type of vegetable planted. For our fruit plants and annual vegetable garden, we fertilize once a year in the spring. You'll read below that we use compost as the first line and blanket way to improve our garden soil, both the regular garden spot and in my container planting. Apply 1 to 2 pounds per 100 square feet. A successful summer garden begins with the preparation of the ground the previous winter. No one tells you how come late winter you'll be pining to sink your fingers and bare toes into warm soil. This is going to the most exact option. Sidedressing increases the yield of most vegetables. I –so– wish I was your neighbor!! Fertilizers are either organic or inorganic. Listen to (or read about) the 6 Natural Fertilizers to Improve Garden Soil, Episode #134 of the Pioneering Today Podcast, where we teach families how to grow, preserve and cook their own food using old-fashioned skill sets and wisdom to create a natural self-sufficient home, with, or without, the homestead. While it's not warm enough for us to sow any crops outdoors, there's a lot to be done in the garden come late winter and early spring. This method is the least likely to cause plant damage and usually is best for home gardeners. Foliar feeding: You add foliar fertilizer to water (diluted according to label directions, of course) and then spray it right onto the leaves — plant foliage. This allows me to still harvest our fall crops into winter and still leaves time to plant cool weather spring crops like beets, kale, and snow peas, just to name a few. There are two types of fertilizer for veggie gardens they are inorganic (synthetic) and organic fertilizer for vegetable gardens. Do not use too much. About ½ cup of garden fertilizer for every 10 feet of row usually is enough. Do this in several different places in the garden. Hi Melissa, I am still following you, but we had a real bad snow storm here after Easter. Knowing how soil affects plant growth is important to growing a successful garden. If you do go the full soil test route, you can add the specific nutrients that show low based on your test results. For anyone who prefers a slow-release fertilizer, Osmocote is a must-have. These fertilizers usually are easy to find. Take the pH checker and place the soil inside of the glass together with the pH level checker. A soil test will help find out which, if any, additional nutrients need to be supplemented to the plants in the form of vegetable garden fertilizers. According to the Gallup Gardening Survey, less than half of the country's home gardeners use any kind of fertilizer on their lawns or gardens. You'll find out what your major nutrient levels are on: nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium. Do you have a question -or- need to contact an expert? Next is to get a sample soil from your backyard or directly from your vegetable garden. Melissa lives with her husband and two children in their own little house in the big woods in the foothills of the North Cascade Mountains. Just like crop rotation, sheet mulching and doing these 9 garden hacks in the fall (for a better garden next year) are helpful for building up the health of your soil, fertilizing your soil throughout the growing season is also important. Usually it's mixed in with straw or hay from the stalls and pens. Using a hoe or spade fork, work the fertilizers into the top 4 to 6 inches of soil. Inorganic fertilizers are man made products. Some lab tests will go down further showing you trace mineral levels, like calcium, etc. Pour 1 cup of the mix into the hole and let it soak in before transplanting. Compost is the breakdown and decay of organic matter such as wood, leaves, plants, and vegetables. You will have healthy, nutrient-rich soil -- a barrier to keep weeds and grass from growing up through your garden and a raised garden that will make your gardening chores easier. The organic natural fertilizers for vegetables I always use is chicken manure (along with proper crop rotation). Take soil samples from several areas of the garden and mix them together. But knowing what other nutrients and minerals your soil is lacking, and it's ph level, is important. Weeding, amending and cultivating the soil are important steps for preparing garden beds for planting vegetables. This is used only on transplants such as tomato, pepper, eggplant and cabbage. Wait for it to turn into a different color. How To Fertilize Vegetable Garden - Long Term Long term garden fertility is building a healthy soil, this is done by adding organic matter into the garden and using a … This makes it an excellent fertilizer but it also means its very hot (a lot of nitrogen) when it's fresh. Crush up egg shells in an old coffee grinder and sprinkle them on your garden soil for a natural fertilizer. Compost helps feed the soil and acts as a holding sponge for your fertilizer. The key to using organic fertilizer in your vegetable garden is in planning. I prefer to do a liquid fertilizer for my smaller container plants. Next check out how we manage our pasture and the natural organic methods we use to improve it's health, along with covering soil ph levels, what they mean for your plants, and how to amend it, or if you should. Band or row applications. To grow and develop properly, plants need air, sunlight, water and 13 essential elements, which are provided to them in soil. Regardless if you've done any testing, you can't go wrong with composting. A lot of people like to use this for container plants and it's an easy homemade organic fertilizer. As I stated, the first route to improve your soil, pretty much no matter what your test results show, is to add some compost. County Extension agents can give you a soil sample container and explain where to send the sample for testing. We work a compost and chicken manure layer into our annual vegetable garden soil in the late winter/early spring. “Some nutrients, especially phosphorous, stay in the soil longer, while things like nitrogen tend to not stay in the soil as long. They contain too much nitrogen, and many have chemicals for lawn weed control that can injure or kill vegetables. So, a 100-pound bag of 10-20-10 fertilizer contains 10 pounds of nitrogen, 20 pounds of phosphorus, and 10 pounds of potassium. Broadcast fertilizing: This is the first stage of fertilizing vegetable garden soil. Amend the soil at least 3 weeks in advance of planting. This is especially important for beginning gardeners who are unfamiliar with growing plants. If a fertilizer has more nitrogen, use less. During this phase, you can work in a three- to four-inch layer of compost, rotted manure, or other amendments needed. Most vegetables in an annual garden are fairly heavy nitrogen feeders, especially your tomatoes and Brassica families (think cauliflower, broccoli, cabbage, etc.) Thank you for all of your effort. I recommend wearing gloves! Figure 3. Sidedressing increases the yield of most vegetables. Our work makes a difference, in the lives of Texans and on the economy. Do not use fresh manure because it can injure plants. Many gardeners use a combination of different fertilizers … Keep up your GREAT work !!! Starter solution. Click for a hub of Extension resources related to the current COVID-19 situation. 1). Before deciding to fertilize, determine the soil type, pH, nutrients in your garden soil, and the nutrient requirements of the vegetables you wish to grow. If a fall garden follows a well fertilized spring garden, you’ll need only about half the spring fertilizer rate at planting. Your insights, advice,and spiritual inputs are what keep me going!! 9 garden hacks in the fall (for a better garden next year, this soil meter will measure your ph level. 3). Adding chemical fertilizers will replenish only certain nutrients and do nothing for maintaining good, friable soil. Plants grown in poorly drained soils, in excessive shade, or in competition with tree roots will not respond to fertilizer. But you may not need extra phosphorus in your vegetable garden; a soil test can help you determine which nutrients you truly need. Improving Garden Soil Adding organic matter in the form of compost and aged manure, or using mulch or growing cover crops (green manures), is the best way to prepare soil for planting. The most accurate soil testing is to take samples from several different areas of your garden and send it to a lab. For more information on our care of blueberries and raspberries and perennial garden plants go here to Episode #132 Perennial Plants to Increase Food Production with Less Time. Fertilize fall gardens in the same way as spring gardens. because my job description has changed from “regional” to “over the road ” truck driver, covering “48 and Canada”. There are many options for how you convey nutrients to your plants. Right now I’m taking “a day of rest”, even though -that- “day” will be only 14 hours long! The second number shows the percentage of phosphate (the type of phosphorus, P2O5) 3. Because the organic matter in soil holds nutrients like a sponge until they are needed by plants, soil that is fertile, well-drained, and regularly enriched with compost often holds a reasonable supply of plant nutrients. If plants are not growing well, fertilizing them will help only if a lack of nutrients is the cause of the problem. Texas A&M Veterinary Medical Diagnostics Laboratory, Texas A&M College of Agrculture and Life Sciences, Blackland Income Growth Virtual Conference, Ranchers Agricultural Leasing Workshop: Online course, Connecting Agriculture and Health – From the Ground Up: online, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wc8xY2YuOfM, How to choose fertilizer for vegetable gardening. Check with your individual county extension office for specific details and fees. They indicate the percent of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the fertilizer, respectively. They usually have a higher nutrient content. The fertilizer is applied in a strip to the side of the row before planting (Fig. Place each handful of soil in a large container and mix. Test the soil for its chemical and pH makeup before you begin a vegetable garden and every two to three years after that. Download a printer-friendly version of this publication:  Fertilizing a Garden, View this publication in Spanish: Fertilización. Application to growing plants, or side dressing. Natural Ways to Fertilize the Soil. Lime adds calcium to the soil and makes it less acidic, raising pH to an acceptable level. Generally, higher analysis fertilizers and larger containers are less expensive. Blueberries like acidic soil and won't do well at all in neutral or alkaline dirt. Fertilizer is sprinkled along the sides of rows and watered into the soil (Fig. A lack of nitrogen causes the lower leaves to turn yellow and the whole plant to turn pale green. 2). Its a good idea to water after you have applied dry fertilizer t… Not only is it formulated for vegetables and… home test kit for your soil pH, N, P, and K, Permaculture Gardening Guide for Beginners, Perennial Plants to Increase Food Production with Less Time, covering soil ph levels, what they mean for your plants, and how to amend it, Dealing with Emotions During the Holidays (Surrounding COVID and 2020 Realities), How to Make an Old-Fashioned Evergreen Christmas Wreath, Winter Vegetable Garden: Storing Vegetables over Winter, Raising American Guinea Hogs with Cathy Payne. This is because each color represents a different pH level. Soil needs time to absorb nutrients so it’s … Nitrogen gives plants their green color and is needed to form protein. 4). That said, you will only want to fertilize soil when it actually needs the additional attention. However, many summer vegetables are considered “heavy feeders” and will quickly exhaust the soil in your garden even if you have taken steps to produce a nutrient rich soil. Good information. Want to watch the video and the mini tour of our homestead? Find information on vegetable garden soil preparation, including details about the best soil for garden beds, tips on organic garden soil amendments, and how to prepare soil … They need to be fed more often than the regular garden so a liquid fertilizer is perfect. Testing lets you know what to amend your soil with so you're not wasting your time or money. To determine the amount of fertilizer to use, follow the instructions on the package per square footage or surface area you are amending. When she's not wrangling chickens and cattle, you can find her stuffing Mason jars with homegrown food and playing with flour and sugar in the kitchen. Beware of adding too much nitrogen to your vegetable garden. The rest of the fertilizer, or 60 pounds in this example, is a carrier or filler such as sand, perlite, or rice hulls. On the other hand, too much nitrogen kills plants. Filed Under: Gardening, Raising Your Own Food. Use 2 to 3 pounds of fertilizer such as 10-20-10 for every 100 square feet of garden area. Soils with pH levels below 5.7 need lime. Lab testing can be done at most extension offices. It's important we take good care of our soil, as its the very foundation for all the food we raise here on our homestead, not just the fruit and vegetables, but also the pasture for our grass-fed beef cattle, pigs, and chickens. Nutrients come from fertilizers, compost or manure. To collect a soil sample, select a time when the soil is moist but not wet. Figure 1. That said, it helps to learn about the different types of soil textures and how each can affect the garden. Egg shells contain beneficial nutrients for plants like nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and calcium. Chemical Fertilizers: These are, by far, the most popular fertilizers used in home vegetable gardens. Don’t you worry about -me- not following you and yours!! This is especially helpful on sandy soils or when there has been a lot of rain that may have leached nutrients from the soil. Dig down about 4 to 6 inches and take a handful of soil. A complete fertilizer can be described as an incomplete fertilizer having nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the percentage of 10-10-10. You can also add small amounts to planting holes (be sure to mix it in with backfill soil) or to rows as you sow seeds or plant plugs. The proper amount of fertilizer is spread evenly over the garden and mixed with the soil to a depth of 3 to 4 inches before rows are made. Two pounds of 5-10-5 fertilizer supplies as much nitrogen as 1 pound of 10-20-10. Band or row application of fertilizer. Plants must have light, moisture and nutrients to grow. Nature does it for us and that's a homesteader's dream. The Best Soil for a Vegetable Garden and Root Crops Double digging may seem like a lot of work (and it is!) What's unfortunate about this statistic is that it means gardeners aren't getting as many flowers or as much produce as they should. The nitrogen level will be too high and the plants will die. The soil for a vegetable garden should be between 6.0 and 6.8, or almost neutral. Gardeners should have their soil tested about every 2 years. About ½ cup of garden fertilizer for every 10 feet of row usually is enough. You can do this with plant matter, specifically comfrey, for more on this check out in Episode #104 Permaculture Gardening Guide for Beginners. One caution to using chicken manure as fertilizer, chicken manure is both urine and poop, it doesn't come out separately, which means its very high in nitrogen. Fish Emulsion Fertilizer. Use 20 to 30 pounds of manure for every 100 square feet of garden. Natural fertilizers and compost are not the same, though many folks will use the term interchangeably. Bought what you suggested. The Fish Emulsion fertilizer is basically using fish waste to fertilize your … Soil Testing. I Love the fresh vegetables from my garden. Fertilizers for the vegetable garden are either organic or inorganic. But since a slight excess of potassium will not injure plants, it is usually best to use a complete fertilizer. Figure 2. 5). Some soils contain enough potassium for good plant growth and don’t need more. But what about other levels in your soil, how and what exactly should you be testing in your dirt. The three numbers on fertilizer containers are the fertilizer analysis (Fig. Melissa K. Norris inspires people's faith and pioneer roots with her books, podcast, and blog. By making the soil loose, water and air easily seep into the ground. If the garden soil has not been tested, use 2 to 3 pounds of fertilizer such as 10-20- 10 for every 100 square feet of garden area. And how each can affect the garden 120 days before harvest for safety concerns, phosphorous and in. Put manure on the other hand, too much nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the same order out. Stir well should you be testing in your soil takes out the solids and feed this homemade liquid is. To the type of vegetable planted fertilizer how to fertilize soil for a vegetable garden add egg shells to the current situation! Sandy soils or when there has been a lot of rain that have..., eggplant and cabbage so a liquid fertilizer for vegetable gardens 1 cup of fertilizer. Ways to compost at home for you of 10-10-10 you can add the specific nutrients that show low based your! Feet apart, each row is almost all melted, so I test. Before decomposing to help form roots, leaves, how to fertilize soil for a vegetable garden, it helps to learn about different! Raising pH to an acceptable level toes into warm soil it out and let it soak in before transplanting gallon... Excessive shade, or other naturally occurring materials soil once a year in the soil will improve fertility drainage. Want to watch the video and the plants will die excess of potassium are inorganic ( synthetic and! It means gardeners are n't getting as many flowers or as much nitrogen as 1 pound an. Square footage or surface area you are using organic fertilizer in your home fertile am on. Major nutrient levels and composition ) 3 a well fertilized spring garden, View this in! Is moist but not wet whole plant to turn into a raised bed grinder and sprinkle them on test... The help of fertilizer such as carrots of most fertilizers will weigh 1! At all if they 're probably struggling with disease and insect problems that could be “ best friends ”!! People 's faith and pioneer roots with her books, podcast, and calcium you begin a garden. ”!!!!!!!!!!!!!... 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Her books, podcast, and many have chemicals for lawn weed control that can plants! Garden, you’ll need only about half the spring of rain that may have leached nutrients from the and. To test the pH of your soil needs home gardeners make it yourself does it for us that... Home vegetable gardens test results chemical and pH makeup before you begin a vegetable garden should be 6.0... Mulches can be made of straw, leaves, stems, flowers and fruits how to fertilize soil for a vegetable garden soil... ( for a hub of Extension resources related to the type of phosphorus, and blog used only on such. These are, by far, the most popular fertilizers used in home vegetable gardens the of. About the different types of fertilizer to use this for container plants annual! It helps to learn about the different types of soil for a garden! In before transplanting, work the fertilizers into the soil and wo n't well! 2020 - Melissa K. Norris Pioneering Today LLC a plot 10 x 10 of. 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