D. Tetrads line up and separate into individual homologous chromosomes. e. none of the choices are sources of genetic variation, d. all of the choices are sources of genetic variation. All are functional. (d) Hope. C) the process of crossing-over True or False, Jacobs Syndrome, XYY, results from nondisjunction during spermatogenesis. A) gametogenesis.B) oogenesis.C) pangenesis.D) spermatogenesis. Spermatogenesis in males result in four functional sperm while oogenesis in females results in only one egg. At which stage of meiosis is each chromosome composed of a single chromatid? B. nad+ is reduced to form nadh. A. Interkinesis occurs after a cell finishes a nuclear division. E. ovum. A) prophase I Which of the following represent a buffer system? All of the following are true of meiosis, except a) there are two cell divisions. Aneuploidy is a change in the number of chromosomes resulting from nondisjunction during meiosis. A. prophase I B. metaphase II C. anaphase II D. prophase II E. metaphase I, During which stage of meiosis does the homologue separation occur? bivalents will form. A) independent assortment Consider that all other relevant characteristics are similar between these species. A change in the chromosome number resulting from nondisjunction is called euploidy. Each pair of homologous chromosomes break into four separate chromatids. Which of the following would not contribute to genetic variation? Which of the following is/are true about sexual reproduction? B) a precursor cell that becomes an egg cell. No fertilization can occur, and the eggs develop into female lizards. DNA replication occurs once prior to mitosis and twice prior to meiosis. Which of the following is a true statement concerning meiosis in males and females? E) Neither A, B, or C. All of the above involve mitosis. B. Select all that apply. Which of the following statements about nondisjunction is FALSE? c. fertilization body parts being shaped and patterned into a specific form. d. all of the choices are sources of genetic variation B. b. At the end of anaphase I, each chromosome is composed of two chromatids and at the end of anaphase II, sister chromatids have separated, becoming daughter chromosomes B. Anaphase I occurs in a haploid cell while anaphase II occurs in a diploid cell. Errors in Meiosis. What distinguishes paracentric inversions from pericentric inversions? D) Interkinesis can be variable in length. Sketch a graph of the function and the secant line through PPP and QQQ. in the human male, sperm cells are produced in the..and in the females, the egg cells are produced in the. What is the main sex hormone of the human male, The structure from which an egg is released during ovulation is called, When an egg erupts from a follicle, the chamber that remains and secretes hormones is the, the lining of the uterus that is discharged during the menstrual phase is the, reproduction invovles a single parent givind rise to genetically indentical offspring, the ovaries of females produce two sex hormonesand. d.) chromosomes replicate. Both mitosis and meiosis result in daughter cells identical to the parent cells. C) They carry genes for the same traits. Describe how errors in chromosome structure occur through inversions and translocations. Only one of the four daughter cells becomes a functional gamete in spermatogenesis. All of the following are true concerning Down syndrome EXCEPT B) four daughter cells at completion A. Homologs fail to separate during meiosis I. Mitosis occurs in somatic cells; this means that it takes place in all types of cells that are not involved in the production of gametes. which of the following stages embryonic development consists of only two layers of cells? C. Each homologue's centromere splits to form two chromosomes. b) homologous pairs separate during meiosis I. c) one cell produces four cells. A. Which stage is most associated with a cell that is unable to divide again such as a muscle or nerve cell? c. Based on your sketch in part b, what do you expect the populations of the two species to do in the long run? False A change in the chromosome number resulting from nondisjunction is called aneuploidy. the process in which neighboring cells influence the development of each other, either by direct contact or by production of chemical signals, is called. Just like in mitosis, during prophase, DNA condensation occurs, the nuclear envelope and nucleoli disappear, and the spindle starts to form. Which statement is true about the life cycle of plants but not of animals? Summary. Which of the following is/are true about sexual reproduction? E) telophase I, During which stage of meiosis do the homologous chromosomes separate? A) crossing-over in prophase I of meiosis D) prophase II answer choices . A) prophase I In meiosis, daughter cells are haploid. What process is occurring in the figure? e A and B only, The function of mitosis is It provides extra genetic material for the daughter cells. Meiosis accomplishes all of the following EXCEPT Sister chromatids line up and separate into individual chromosomes. All of the following are true about the chromosomes of a multicellular organism EXCEPT: Each chromosome separates into two daughter chromosomes by binary fisson. E) In meiosis, the daughter cells are genetically identical. Which statement correctly describes meiosis? C. pangenesis. Chapter 13: Meiosis Gametes - reproductive cells that have a haploid number of chromosomes o Sperm - male reproductive cell o Egg/Ovum - female reproductive cell Fertilization - the fusion of the nuclei of a sperm cell and an egg cell (haploid cells), resulting in the formation of a zygote (diploid) Meiosis - reduction division that occurs in gametes to produce cells with a haploid . E) None of the choices are sources of genetic variation. Which of the following is/are true about sexual reproduction? What is the specific term that describes the loss of a single chromosome (2n - 1)? To what does the term chiasma refer? If a parent cell has 48 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will each daughter cell have after mitosis and cytokinesis occurs? B) The production of gametes is known as gametogenesis. Include units in your answer. There are two main types of cell divisions: meiosis and mitosis. C) epididymus The M phase is where the cell division occurs. It is nevertheless necessary for two females to court and for one to assume the posture of a male to stimulate the female to produce eggs. E. Homologues interact with the spindle as if they were one chromosome. B) They orient the sperm toward the egg. Which of the following steps would NOT lead to variation of genetic material? c. a fertilized egg is known as a zygote During ________, the homologous chromosome pairs independently align themselves at the equator of the cell. which monosomy is the one that survives to term? 17. C. Spermatogenesis in males results in four functional sperm while oogenesis in females results in only one egg and three structures that contain genetic information that is lost when they disintegrate. have the same amount of DNA and the same number of chromosomes as all other cells of the organism and develop from the same basic stem cells. D) All of the choices are sources of genetic variation. A. Discuss the epidemiology of poliomyelitis, rabies, and arboviral encephalitis, including mode of transmission, etiology, and disease symptoms. B.:1795716 . two daughter cells at completion. It is estimated that an average of two or three cross-overs occur per human chromosome. Primary nondisjunction occurs during meiosis II when the sister chromatids fail to separate and both daughter chromosomes go in the same gamete. (E) Homologous pairs of chromosomes line up on the metaphase plate in meiosis I. B. C) species X should have a better chance of surviving than species Y. D) mitosis, If the diploid number of chromosomes for an organism is 52, what will the haploid number of chromosomes be? Is this an animal or plant cell? The gametes are the diploid phase of the life cycle. One main reason would be. B. reduction of chromosome number (from 2N to N). Today we know that A. offspring will be identical to one another and demonstrate traits exactly halfway between the parents' traits. List five examples of electromagnetic radiation. B) It increases the likelihood that daughter cells contain different genetic material. 19. Oogenesis does not involve an equal division of cell contents. C. Fusion of gametes results in trisomy. It could be said that males are able to provide gametes with more genetic diversity than females for reproduction. Consider that all other relevant characteristics are similar between these species. All Rights Reserved. It is not true that anaphase I occurs in a haploid cell while anaphase II occurs in a diploid cell. S phase, the cell undergoes DNA replication. a nonfunctional cell rudiment formed at the same time as an egg cell. False. Males provide more genes in sperm than females provide in eggs. C) telophase II 8 C. 12 D. 16 E. 24. B. A. prophase I of meiosis I B. anaphase I of meiosis II C. telophase I of meiosis I D. prophase II of meiosis II E. anaphase II of meiosis I. Homologous chromosomes are similar in all of these characteristics EXCEPT: A. similar in size. To maintain this state, the egg and sperm that unite during fertilization must be . D. Homologues exchange genetic material between non-sister chromatids. A change in the chromosome number resulting from nondisjunction is called euploidy. C. providing genetic variation in sexually reproducing organisms. D) They will have a haploid and diploid phase of the life cycle. (B) There is no replication of chromosomes between meiosis I and meiosis II. All of the following events occur during normal meiosis except _____. All of the following are true concerning Down Syndrome EXCEPT A. it is caused by autosomal trisomy 21 B. in 23% of cases, the sperm contributes the extra chromosome C. it is the most common trisomy in humans D. chances of a woman having a child with Down Syndrome decreases with her age, The correct number of chromosomes in a species is known as aneuploidy. During which stage of grief do people make a promise to change if what was lost can be returned? Meiosis I is known as reductive division, as the cells are reduced from being diploid cells to being haploid cells. The cell formed through fertilization of an egg by a sperm is called a/an A. gamete. Question 12: An elephant gamete has 28 chromosomes in it. At which stage of meiosis is each chromosome composed of a single chromatid? B. Only one of the four daughter cells becomes a functional gamete in spermatogenesis. D) growth and repair. In human females, when is meiosis II completed? D. spermatogenesis. When the environment changes, then. they carry the same alleles for all traits, meiosis accomplishes all of the following except, sources of genetic variation in sexually reproducing organisms include which of the following? This results in.. Mitosis is the portion of the cell cycle that divides the nuclear material while cytokinesis divides the cytoplasm. the inclusion of the centromere in the inversion, Which of the following terms can be used to describe Down syndrome? b. the chromosome is a simple DNA strand without complex proteins and no spindle forms C) metaphase I and metaphase The polar body is offspring inherit essentially 50% of their genes from each parent, but two sibling offspring may share with each other from zero to 23 chromosomes in common from each parent, and further variation may occur due to crossing-over. A. Cytokinesis Animal cells from a cell plate during cytokinesis while plant cells from a cleavage furrow and then pinch into two daughter cells, The region that contains the genetic information in a bacterial cell is called the, virtually all of the specialized cells of multicellular organisms. Write the equation representing Raoult's law and express it in words. D) testes All of the following are true of meiosis EXCEPT (A) crossover occurs during prophase I(B) there is no replication of chromosomes between meiosis Iand meiosis II (C) in plants, spindle fibers are attached to the centriole (D) synapsis occurs during prophase I(E) the longest phase is prophase. In meiosis, there are four daughter cells. d. all of the choices are true Only one of the four daughter cells becomes a functional gamete in spermatogenesis. Identify the correct statement amongst the following: 1. D. During anaphase II, the sister centromeres fail to separate and daughter cells will not form. b. oogenesis 3. Meiosis is a type of cell division in sexually reproducing organisms that reduces the number of chromosomes in gametes (the sex cells, or egg and sperm). All of the choices are true about sexual reproduction. B) After telophase I of meiosis, each daughter cell is diploid; after telophase I of mitosis, each daughter cell is haploid. &\frac{d x_2}{d t}=r_2 x_2\left(1-\frac{x_2}{k_2}-b_2 \frac{x_1}{k_2}\right) . A. prophase I B. anaphase I C. telophase I D. prophase II E. anaphase II. A. the gametophyte can be larger than the diploid generation B. they use sexual reproduction to produce new offspring C. they use meiosis in order to produce the gametes D. they will have a haploid and diploid phase of the life cycle, Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction Practice Exam. Which of the following statements is correct about the chromosomal position during mitosis and meiosis? E. During anaphase II, the daughter chromosomes are non-disjunctive and are all pulled to one daughter cell. A) Interkinesis occurs after a cell finishes a nuclear division. B) in 23% of cases, the sperm contributes the extra chromosome. Mitosis uses a diploid (2n) parent cell to form daughter cells containing a haploid number(n) of chromosomes. All of the following are true of meiosis in plants EXCEPT (A) Crossing-over occurs during prophase. 10. In humans, body (or somatic) cells are diploid, containing two sets of chromosomes (one from each parent). A) The gametes are the haploid phase of the animals' life cycle. C. Crossing over occurs. Based on this information, determine which of the following statements are true. At the end of anaphase 1, each chromosomeis composed of to chromatids and at the end of anaphase 11, sister chromatids have separated. When a sperm and an egg join in fertilization, the two haploid sets of chromosomes form a complete diploid set: a new genome. At the leptotene stage the chromosomes appear as long, thin threads. Sketch a phase plane diagram, similar to Figure 11. It is the first stage of mitosis. Which body system develops first in a human embryo? E. They orient the egg for penetration by the sperm. Which statement applies only to plants? C) Each pair of homologous chromosomes break into four separate chromatids. growth of the overall individual. Suppose that k1=6,k2=4,b1=2k_1=6, k_2=4, b_1=2k1=6,k2=4,b1=2, and b2=1b_2=1b2=1. False Primary nondisjunction occurs during meiosis I when both members of a homologous pair go into the same daughter cell. It increases the likelihood that daughter cells contain different genetic material. When the environment gradually changes, then. The organ that exchanges molecules between fetal and maternal blood is the, During the luteal phase of the ovarian cycle, progesterone and estrogen will bring about. Which of the following statements about mitosis is not true? B) immediately after the sperm penetrates the secondary oocyte What might prevent a cell from passing the G1 checkpoint? C. providing genetic variation in sexually reproducing organisms. 4. Of C. All of the above involve mitosis ; Question: Melosis occurs during all of the following EXCEPT Multiple Choice o gametogenesis oogenesis spermatogenesis A, B, and all . Tags: Question 28 . Inherited disorders can arise when chromosomes behave abnormally during meiosis. Use Figure 2.192.192.19 to determine which type of electromagnetic wave has this frequency. Interkinesis is different from interphase in which way? Each homologous chromosome can contain the same genes, or slightly different . asexual reproduction produces variation that allows the species to adapt quickly to changing environmental conditions, A modification of sexual reproduction in which an unfertilized egg develops into a complete individual. A. Homologous chromosomes pair to form a tetrad. D. It regularly produces a wider array of adaptations to the internal environment (disease agents, parasites) in a shorter period of time. Primary nondisjunction occurs during meiosis II when the sister chromatids fail to separate and both daughter chromosomes go in the same gamete. The polar body is. A) The haploid phase can be larger than the diploid phase. D) They orient the egg for penetration by the sperm. An electromagnetic wave has a frequency of 1021Hz10^{21} \mathrm{~Hz}1021Hz. A. two daughter cells at completion B. four daughter cells at completion C. two nuclear divisions D. formation of bivalents. A. at ovulation B. immediately after the sperm penetration of the secondary oocyte C. immediately after the sperm penetrates the primary oocyte D. None of the choices are correct. During which stage of meiosis does crossing-over occur? It is carried out in all tissues that require cell replacement. D) prophase II Down syndrome, Which of the following conditions results from a Robertsonian translocation? The mechanics of meiosis II is similar to mitosis, except that each dividing cell has only one set of homologous chromosomes. dtdx1=r1x1(1k1x1b1k1x2)dtdx2=r2x2(1k2x2b2k2x1).. To what does the term chiasma refer? In meiosis, the daughter cells are genetically identical. separate correctly in meiosis; chromosomal deletions, chromosomal duplications, chromosomal inversions, or chromosomal translocations would occur from failures in homologous chromosomes to align properly during prophase I or from failure during crossing over. c.) the nuclear envelope disappears. During which stage of meiosis are the bivalents arranged along the equator? D. Sister chromatids fail to separate during meiosis I. Select all that apply. Meiosis occurs during gametogenesis, oogenesis, and spermatogenesis. An airplane is made invisible to radar by coating it with a 5.005.005.00-mm-thick layer of an antireflective polymer with the index of refraction n=1.50n=1.50n=1.50. C) a nonfunctional cell formed at the same time as an egg cell. 26 B. B) species Y should have a better chance of surviving than species X. ; In most cases, cytokinesis (the division of the cytoplasm) occurs at the same time as telophase I.; At the end of telophase I and cytokinesis, two . 4 B. Meiosis involves two rounds of cell division and produces four non-identical . D) prophase II 6 C. 12 D. 24, During which stage of meiosis does crossing-over occur? Sex chromosome aneuploids are better tolerated and have a better chance of producing survivors. During _______________ the homologous chromosome pairs separate in a random fashion leading to genetic diversity among the offspring. Answer the following questions concerning the following figure Before a dividing cell enters mitosis, it undergoes a period of growth called interphase. Q. Meiosis I. Meiosis is preceded by an interphase consisting of the G 1, S, and G 2 phases, which are nearly identical to the phases preceding mitosis. A. e.) the spindle is or Crossing over occurs in prophase I of meiosis and metaphase of mitosis. A. All of the following are true for meiosis EXCEPT *. Which of these is not one of the sources of genetic variation in a sexually reproduction population? D) formation of bivalents. This is extra chromosomal material representing the X chromosome in each female cell. The interphase is divided into three phases; G 1 phase, the cell grows in size and makes necessary proteins in this phase. It is estimated that an average of two or three cross-overs occur per human chromosome. C) spermatogenesis. During which stage of meiosis does crossing-over occur? Is designed to receive only sperm from the same species. B) in 23% of cases, the sperm contributes . B) In meiosis, there are four daughter cells. Oogenesis always involves an equal division of cell contents in the formation of an egg and polar bodies. What structure is produced during meiosis 1 in male? The overall function of meiosis includes gamete production, chromosome reduction and creating genetic variation. C. Sister chromatids separate during anaphase II while homologous chromosomes separate during anaphase I. D. The cell undergoing anaphase II is genetically different from what it contained while undergoing anaphase I. It increases the likelihood that daughter cells contain different genetic material. The following picture depicts which of the following changes in chromosome structure. Aneuploidy is a change in the number of chromosomes resulting from nondisjunction during meiosis. During which phase of mitosis and meiosis will the state of the chromosome be the same? the consumption of alcohol during pregnancy is a leading cause of birth defects Jacobs Syndrome, XYY, results from nondisjunction during spermatogenesis. pangenesis. E) anaphase II. All of the following are true about the chromosomes of a multicellular organism EXCEPT: which of the following statements about sexual reproduction is not true? Females are short with a broad chest and widely spaced nipples. 5) Select the statement which is FALSE. Meiosis is similar to this other process of cell division., The term for how many chromosomes a parent cell has., The term for how many chromosomes a daughter cell has., The overall function of meiosis includes all of the following EXCEPT A. gamete production. The S phase is the second phase of interphase, during which the DNA of the chromosomes is replicated. A) The species is probably going extinct. These females do not undergo puberty or menstruation and their breasts do not develop. Meiosis I. Meiosis is preceded by an interphase consisting of the G 1, S, and G 2 phases, which are nearly identical to the phases preceding mitosis. The genus Lacerta is composed of a species of lizards that are female and do not mate. D. It increases chromosome condensation. What is the function of polar bodies? E) Homologous chromosomes interact with the spindle as if they were one chromosome. All of the following are true concerning Down syndrome EXCEPT A) it is caused by autosomal trisomy 21. During meiosis, cells undergo two rounds of nuclear and cell division, but only one round of DNA synthesis. Meiosis occurs during all of the following EXCEPT Select all that apply. E. All of the choices are true. the nucleolus can no longer be seen. A. No fertilization can occur, and the eggs develop into female lizards. It is known that both ExE_{x}Ex and V are zero at the origin. Which of the following serves as the first site of blood formation in the embryo? B. oogenesis. C) It produces the proteins that are associated with DNA in chromosomes. e) recombination occurs during meiosis II. A lattice holds the members of a bivalent together in such a way that the RNA of the non-sister chromatids is aligned. In this phase, the cell increases in mass in preparation for cell division. can nonreciprocal translocation be balanced, an even exchange of material with no genetic information extra or missing, and ideally full functionality, where the exchange of chromosome material is unequal resulting in extra or missing genes. There is only one chromosome of each type in each body cell, In the bone marrow, stem cells produce erythrocytes which lose their nucleus and function for a few months in the bloodstream before they die. Q. Which of the following structures is NOT one of the extraembryonic membranes associated with the human embryo? which trisomies are the ones that survives to term? B) metaphase II D) after the zygote has formed. C) A fertilized egg is known as a zygote. translocation og 21 leading to trisomy 21, When there is meiotic non disjunction leading to trisomy 21, the parents are, when there is translocation og 21 leading to trisomy 21, the parents are. D) a structure that holds together homologues during crossing-over Which of the following events occurs during prophase I but does not occur during prophase of mitosis? E) None of the choices are true. C) During prophase II of meiosis, the homologous chromosomes cross-over; there is no crossing-over during prophase of mitosis. The incidence of Down syndrome, also known as trisomy 21, increases with increasing maternal age. b.) The desert is relatively uniform and there is little advantage to maintaining variation, but the animal has not been able to completely evolve away from its heritage of sexual reproduction. [Solved] Meiosis occurs during all of the following EXCEPT A)gametogenesis. Interkinesis is different from interphase in which way? C) In mitosis, there are two daughter cells. Primary nondisjunction occurs during meiosis II when the sister chromatids fail to separate and both daughter chromosomes go in the same gamete. No fertilization can occur, and the eggs develop into female lizards. True or False, During the formation of an embryo, the hollow ball of cells having a fluid-filled cavity is called a, Gastrulation leads to formation of the tissue stage of development called, The opening that leads to the archenteron of an embryo is called, Theis the solid ball of cells that develop as a result of cleavage, David N. Shier, Jackie L. Butler, Ricki Lewis, Charles Welsh, Cynthia Prentice-Craver, David Shier, Jackie Butler, Ricki Lewis. d. A, B and C, all involve in meiosis Where in the human male does spermatogenesis occur? What is the probable evolutionary mechanism for this occurring? The desert is relatively uniform and there is little advantage to maintaining variation, but the animal has not been able to completely evolve away from its heritage of sexual reproduction. There is a species of desert lizard where only females are known to exist-there are no males known. B) reduction of chromosome number (from 2n to n). In preparation for meiosis, a germ cell goes through interphase, during which the entire cell (including the genetic material contained in the nucleus) undergoes replication. B) independent assortment in metaphase I of meiosis If the diploid number of chromosomes for an organism is 52, what will the haploid number of chromosomes be? Which does NOT occur in meiosis? Is modified post-fertilizaion to block polyspermy. C) it is the most common trisomy in humans. Meiosis occurs during all of the following EXCEPT. B. reduction of chromosome number (from 2N to N). Chromosome disorders can be divided into two categories: abnormalities in chromosome number and chromosome structural rearrangements. During metaphase of mitosis the duplicated chromosomes are at the metaphase plate while during metaphase I of meiosis the bivalents are present at the metaphase plate B. B)oogenesis. Describe the main differences between anaphase of mitosis and anaphase I in meiosis. A) two daughter cells at completion Ed Reschke/Photolibrary/Getty Images. They may carry different alleles for a trait. Karyokinesis occurs once in mitosis and twice in meiosis. A) species X and Y will have an equal chance of surviving. It could be said that males are able to provide gametes with more genetic diversity than females for reproduction. Question 11: Upon receiving a growth signal, all of the following events occur to release the G2 checkpoint EXCEPT: - D. cyclin - CDK enters the nucleus. D. This is probably an asexual organism attempting to mimic sexual reproduction. Which statement is not true about eukaryotic chromosomes? pyruvate is converted into acetyl-coa v. carbon dioxide, nadh, and fadh2, and atp are reactants. B. bivalent. C. They orient the sperm toward the egg. iv. It occurs only in cells in the reproductive structures of organisms. The risk of nondisjunction increases with the age of . The develops into the fetal portion of the placenta. C) They allow a reduction in chromosomes while preserving most of the cytoplasm for one egg. B. In human females, when is meiosis II completed? Find the slope of the secant line in part (a), and interpret your answer in terms of an average rate of change over the interval. D) All of the choices are true. C) immediately after the sperm penetrates the primary oocyte Extra copies of sex chromosomes are more easily tolerated in humans than extra copies of autosomes. A) They nurse the egg as it leaves the follicle. A. Which statement is not true about homologous chromosomes in meiosis 1? Which term specifically refers to the gain of extra chromosome sets from individuals of the same species? When the environment changes, then A. species X and Y will have an equal chance of surviving. e. A and B only. Meiosis is further divided into meiosis I and meiosis II. interphase involves DNA replication and interkinesis does not, meiosis occurs during all of the following EXCEPT True or False. a. A prophase B. anaphase C. It is nevertheless necessary for two females to court and for one to assume the posture of a male to stimulate the female to produce eggs. A. Cri du chat syndrome At the cellular level is the opposite of reproduction since it involves two cells fusing to become one. The chromosomes that pair up during meiosis, are called _____ chromosomes.

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